ACFTA

ASEAN–China Free Trade Area

ADB

Asian Development Bank

ASEAN

Association of South-East Asian Nations

BMCDR

Beijing Municipal Commission of Development and Reform

BMI

Basic Medical Insurance

BPCB

bare-printed circuit boards

BSH

Balassa–Samuelson hypothesis

CAFE

corporate average fuel economy

CAM

centrally administered municipality

CCP

Chinese Communist Party

CDR

country credit rating

CHIBOR

China inter-bank offered rate

CIC

China Investment Company

CIS

Commonwealth of Independent States

CMS

Cooperative Medical Scheme

CNY

yuan

COMTRADE

Commodity Trade Statistics Database

CPI

consumer price index

DPD

Development and Planning Division

EC

European Commission

EI

engineering index

EIA

Energy Information Administration

EU

European Union

EW

efficiency wage

FAO

Food and Agriculture Organization

FDA

Food and Drug Administration

FDI

foreign direct investment

FTA

free-trade agreement

G20

Group of 20 nations

G4

Group of Four nations

GATT

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

GDP

gross domestic product

GFC

global financial crisis

GR

growth rate

GtCO2

gigatonnes of carbon dioxide

GW

gigawatts

ICT

information and communication technology

IEA

International Energy Agency

ILO

International Labour Organization

IMF

International Monetary Fund

IPCC

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

IPR

intellectual property rights

ISSS

Institute of Social Science Survey

ISTP

index to scientific and technical proceedings

IU

intensity of use

KCS

Kuznets curve for steel

kW.h

kilowatt hour

LMEs

large and medium enterprises

MFN

most-favoured nation

MNE

multinational enterprise

MOF

Ministry of Finance

MoHRSS

Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security

MST

Ministry of Science and Technology

mtce

million tonnes of coal equivalent

MW

megawatts

NAFTA

North American Free Trade Agreement

NBER

National Bureau of Economic Research

NBS

National Bureau of Statistics

NCMS

New Cooperative Medical Scheme

NDRC

National Development and Reform Commission

NEA

National Energy Administration

NHS

National Health Service (Britain)

NIEs

newly industrialised economies

NPL

non-performing loan

NRC

net relative change

OECD

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development

OLS

ordinary least squares

PBOC

People’s Bank of China

PCBA

printed circuit-board assembly

PPP

purchasing power parity

PRC

People’s Republic of China

RMB

renminbi

ROO

rules-of-origin

RUMiCI

Rural-Urban Migration in China and Indonesia Project

SAEP

State Agency for Environmental Protection

SASAC

State-Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission

SC

supercritical power plant

SCB

state-controlled bank

SCE

state-controlled enterprise

SCI

science citation index

SEZ

special economic zone

SHI

social health insurance

SIC

Standard Industry Classification

SITC

Standard International Trade Classification

SOE

state-owned enterprise

SUR

seemingly unrelated regression technique

SUV

sports utility vehicle

tce

tonnes of coal equivalent

TFP

total factor productivity

THC

township health centre

TSS

Tax Sharing System

TVE

township and village enterprise

TW.h

terawatt hours

UN

United Nations

UNCTAD

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

UNDP

United Nations Development Programme

USC

ultra-supercritical power plant

VAT

value-added tax

WFDIOUT

world total foreign direct investment outflows

WRDP

Western Regional Development Program

WTO

World Trade Organisation