Part 1. Origins and Dispersals

Table of Contents

2. Proto-Austronesian and the Major Austronesian Subgroups

The Austronesian Family

Methodology

Current Subgrouping Hypotheses

Cultural-Historical Implications

References

3. The Prehistory of Oceanic Languages: A Current View

Introduction

Some questions

The Comparative Method

The Oceanic Subgroup and Proto-Oceanic Culture

The Dispersal and Diversification of Oceanic Languages

Locating the POc language community and directions of dispersal

Modes of Oceanic dispersal

Change in the Lexicons and Cultures of Oceanic Speakers

Conclusions

References

4. Borneo as a Cross-Roads for Comparative Austronesian Linguistics

Introduction

East Barito: Who Were the Malayo-Polynesian Migrants to Madagascar?

Malayic Dayak: Arguments for a Bornean Homeland of Malay

Tamanic: On the Exact Nature of the Relation Between Tamanic Languages and South Sulawesi Languages

Land Dayak: Some Features They Have in Common With Orang Asli Languages

Post Scriptum

References

5. Austronesian Prehistory in Southeast Asia: Homeland, Expansion and Transformation

Questions of Ultimate Homeland

The Pattern of Austronesian Expansion

Why did the expansion occur?

Transformations

Some Final Generalizations

References

6. The Lapita Culture and Austronesian Prehistory in Oceania

Introduction

An Outline of Archaeological Prehistory

Comparison with Linguistic Prehistory: A Lapita Language?

A Lapita People? The Evidence from Genetics

The Structure of Austronesian Migration in Oceania

Conclusions

Acknowledgements and Dedication

References

7. The Austronesian Conquest of the Sea — Upwind

Introduction

The Southeast Asian Archipelago, An Easy First Step

Movements into the Pacific

Boat Construction Before the Austronesians

Relations with the Indian Ocean

The Austronesian Contribution

Sailing Conditions in the Pacific

The Seaways Were Open, Once Explored

Thor Heyerdahl, Going Westward

Exploration Was Upwind

Conclusion

References

8. Domesticated and Commensal Mammals of Austronesia and Their Histories

Introduction

Partner in the Padi Fields: The Water-Buffalo

Table-Sharers: Rodents of the Ricefields

Local Contributions: Sapi and Babi

Cattle

Pigs

Snappers-up of Unconsidered Trifles: Dogs and, Who Knows, Dingoes Too?

In Conclusion

References