Lorrae van Kerkhoff made a number of astute observations that have shaped the text in various places and designed Figure 6.1. Caryn Anderson alerted me to the importance of the fields of knowledge management and information sciences. Useful comments were also received from Yoland Wadsworth, Susan Goff, Lesley Treleaven and Steve Dovers.

As an inaugural Fulbright New Century Scholar, I had the opportunity to reflect on and develop Integration and Implementation Sciences in relation to improving global health. Colleagues at NCEPH, the Hauser Center and Harvard’s Center for International Development have provided stimulating discussions and feedback. The development of these ideas has also been facilitated by the following: a National Health and Medical Research Council Population Health Research Capacity Building Grant ‘Environment and population health: research development from local to global’, a Colonial Foundation Trust grant for the ‘Drug Policy Modelling Project’ and the US National Cancer Institute funded project ‘Initiative on the Study and Implementation of Systems’.