Analysis of CIFP findings suggests that governance failure is essentially at the root of SHP's current problems, leading to (and allowing to flourish) both greed and grievance-driven conflict. The lack of provincial government accountability (political and administrative), social-conflict inhibitors, and an effective law and justice sector has created a permissive environment which encourages the spread of corruption, violent conflict and crime (‘greed-driven conflict’), while service delivery failure, economic inequality and the perception that the state is ineffective and unresponsive has fuelled resentment and inter-group tensions (‘grievance-driven conflict’).