Globalisation and Governance in the Pacific Islands
Table of Contents
- Acknowledgements
- Introduction
- 1. Keynote Address — From Neo-Liberalism to the New
Medievalism
- 2. Treading Water in Rapids? Non-Governmental Organisations and
Resistance to Neo-Liberalism in Pacific Island States
-
- Introduction
- Global civil society challenges to neo-liberalism
- Neo-liberal reform and civil society resistance in the Pacific
region
- Recent NGO challenges to Pacific governments and the Pacific
Islands Forum Secretariat
- NGO constraints and challenges
- References
- 3. Regionalism and Cultural Identity: Putting the Pacific back into
the plan
-
- The plan
- The process
- The content of the plan and culture
- Making culture central to the plan: building on the past
- The difficulties of integrating culture
- Culture and regionalism: a strategy
- Conclusion
- References
- Labour Migration
-
- 4. Migration, Dependency and Inequality in the Pacific: Old Wine in Bigger Bottles? (Part 1)
-
- An economic context
- A population context?
- Internal migration
- International migration
- A rationale
- Remittances
- 5. Migration, Dependency and Inequality in the Pacific: Old Wine in
Bigger Bottles? (Part 2)
-
- Selectivity and skilled migration
- Outcome of skill loss
- Return migration
- A policy context?
- Conclusion: the outward urge
- References (Parts 1 and 2)
- 6. Globalisation, New Labour Migration and Development in Fiji
-
- Introduction
- Globalisation and transnational migration
- Dimensions of international migration
- International migration and development
- Migration trends in Oceania
- The changing nature of labour migration in Fiji
-
- 1. Mass immigration phase (1879–1920 and 1920–36)
- 2. Permanent labour migration phase (since 1970)
- 3. Temporary labour migration phase (since the early
1990s)
- Fiji’s international peacekeeping
- 4. Contemporary immigration
- Remittances in Fiji
- Migration and development in Fiji
- Conclusion
- References
- 7. ‘Tonga Only Wants Our Money’: The children of Tongan
migrants
-
- The sustainability of remittances
- Investigating second-generation transnationalism
- Piloting the ‘Tongan ties’ project
- More migration as a solution?
- Conclusion
- References
- 8. Labour Mobility in the Pacific: Creating seasonal work programs in
Australia
-
- Introduction
- Remittances and Pacific development
-
- Labour mobility and trade negotiations
- The growing importance of remittances
- Case study: Iraq
- Social impacts
- Remittances and development
- Modelling seasonal work schemes in Australia
- Labour mobility from the Pacific
- Requirements for effective seasonal workers’ schemes
- Labour rights and working conditions
- Recruitment and government regulation
- Addressing social impacts on families
- Information and community support
- Creating incentives to avoid overstaying
- Government policy to support migrant workers
- Sharing the costs
- Conclusion — beyond trade and economics
- References
- 9. Contemporary Migration Within the Pacific Islands: The case of Fijian skilled workers in
Kiribati and Marshall Islands
-
- A profile of the Fijian migrants
- Push factors for mobility out of Fiji
- Contracts
- Case study one: Fijian migrants’ salaries at Ebeye Health Clinic, Marshall Islands, 2002
- Remittances
- Case study two: Remittances of Fijian nurses in Ebeye, Marshall Islands
- Legal aspects of work and travel
- Conclusion
- References
- Sugar and Garments
-
- 10. Fiji: Sugar and sweatshirts, migrants and remittances
-
- Sugar and garments
- Scenario one: Migrants, settlements and the informal
economy
- Scenario two: Workers and remittances
- Conclusion
- References
- 11. End of the Line? Globalisation and Fiji’s Garment Industry
-
- Introduction
- The local/regional/global origins of the Fijian garment
industry
- The Tax-Free Factory/Tax-Free Zone scheme
- The Fijian garment industry: Dependent development
- New initiatives: Breathing life or buying time?
- The impact of shifting from regionalism to globalisation: three
chronicles
-
- ‘Local companies’
- ‘Regional companies’
- ‘Global companies’
- The industry today and tomorrow: multiple futures
- Who benefits from a competitive garment industry?
- The end of the line?
- Acknowledgements
- References
- Corporate and State Governance in Mining and Forestry
-
- 12. Global Capital and Local Ownership in Solomon Islands’ Forestry
Industry
-
- Global capital and local resources
- Solomon Islands forestry: A brief background
- Logging and local communities
- Conclusions
- References
- 13. Mining, Social Change and Corporate Social Responsibility: Drawing
lines in the Papua New Guinea mud
-
- Mining as the driver of change
- Entering the sustainability debate
- Drawing lines
- Conclusions
- References
- 14. The ‘Resource Curse’ and Governance: A Papua New Guinean
perspective
-
- The ‘resource curse’
- The Mineral Revenue Stabilisation Fund (MRSF)
- Institutional reforms
- Development forum
- Tax Credit Scheme (TCS)
- Mineral Resources Authority (MRA)
- Conclusion
- References
- Tradition, Culture and Politics
-
- 15. Keynote Address — Governance in Fiji: The interplay between
indigenous tradition, culture and politics
-
- References
- 16. The State of the State in Fiji: Some failings in the
periphery
-
- A post-1987 coup story
- The nature of the Fijian State
- State institutions and ethnicity
- State functions
- State personnel
- Intensification of market-led development
- The State and affirmative action
- Increasing social inequality and poverty
- The changing global politico-economic environment
- Conclusion
- References
- 17. Power Sharing in Fiji and New Caledonia
-
- The making and unmaking of Fiji’s multi-party cabinet laws
-
- Outcomes of the 1999 election
- Outcomes of the 2001 polls
- 2002 Court of Appeal judgment
- 2003 Supreme Court judgment
- The 2004 Supreme Court judgment
- Unravelling majoritarian rule in New Caledonia
-
- The 1999 elections
- Outcomes of the 2004 polls
- Lessons with regards to power-sharing institutions
- References
- 18. More Than 20 Years of Political Stability in Samoa under the Human
Rights Protection Party
-
- The Constitution
- Political leadership
- Conclusion
- References
- 19. Matai Titles and Modern Corruption in Samoa:
Costs, expectations and consequences for families and society
-
- Who gave what and where did it come from?
- Where did this cash come from?
- The installation ceremony and the political agenda
- The gifting
- Seeds of corruption
- References
- Media, Civil Society and Democracy
-
- 20. Keynote Address — Keeping the Information Flow Open: A key
condition for good government in Micronesia
-
- The crusade for good governance
- As the theory goes
- The machinery of government
- What foreigners can do to help
- Knowledge as a valued commodity
- Even a little knowledge is a dangerous thing
- Enter the media
- The media as a watchdog
- Conclusion
- References
- 21. Governance, Globalisation and the PNG Media: A survival
dilemma
-
- Background
- The PNG media today
- Governance and the PNG media
- War against corruption
- Daily coverage of governance-related issues
- Global issues and the PNG media
- Critical analysis of the PNG media’s role towards
governance
-
- a. Journalists
- b. Media organisations
- c. The public’s perception
- d. Access to media
- e. Government information
- f. Use of paid advertisements for governance issues
- g. Locally driven agendas
- h. Coordinated campaigns
- i. Taking for granted the reader’s ability to understand
- j. The media’s adaptation of foreign issues
- Conclusion
- Recommendations
- References
-
- Media
- Scholarly
- Conversations
- 22. Democracy in Papua New Guinea: Challenges from a rights-based approach
-
- The political context in PNG: Challenges and critical issues
- A rights-based approach to democracy
-
- Rights-based approach: A developmental perspective
- Analytical framework
- Empirical reasons for a rights-based approach
- The Organic Law and LPV system: Opportunities for democracy in PNG
- The democratic role of political parties
- Limited Preferential Voting system
- Conclusion
- References
- 23. Governance and Livelihood Realities in Solomon Islands
-
- Community perspective on governance
- Governance issues at the community and national level
- Governance and civil society
- Leadership
- Governance, livelihood realities and challenges
- The need for good governance and livelihood interventions
- References
- List of Contributors
- Index
List of Tables
- Table 1: Emigration of Fijian citizens by ethnic group and
professional workers, 1987–2004
- Table 2: Trends in personal remittances in Fiji,
1993–2004
- Table 3: Sectoral foreign exchange earnings and remittances in
Fiji, 1999–2004
- Table 1: Increase in foreign exchange earnings for Fiji,
1994–2004
- Table 1: Occupational categories for Fijian migrants by sex in Kiribati and Marshall
Islands, 2002.
- Table 2: Academic qualifications of Fijian skilled migrants in Kiribati and Marshall
Islands, 2002.
- Table 3: Reasons for departing from Fiji by order of importance.
- Table 4: Fijian nurses — salary levels by ranges by percentage of nursing positions,
2002.
- Table 5: Fiji/Marshall Islands teachers — salary levels by position, 2003.
- Case study one: Salaries for Fijian migrant health workers, Ebeye Health Clinic, 2002.
- Table 6: Fortnightly monetary remittances sent by Fijian migrants by host country,
2002.
- Table 7: Money and other items received from Fiji.
- Table 8: Cash remittances sent by Fijian nurses, Ebeye Health Clinic, 2002.
- Table 1: Fiji’s garment exports, 1986–2005 ($F million).
- Table 2: The minimum wage: a liveable wage?
- Table 1: Composition of the Fijian Parliament, eligibility of
parties under the 10 per cent rule and the make-up of cabinet as of
June 11, 1999
- Table 2: Composition of Fijian Parliament, eligibility of
parties under the 10 per cent rule and make-up of cabinet as of
September 26, 2001
- Table 3: Congress slates and cabinet portfolios after the 1999
polls in New Caledonia
- Table 4: Congress slates and cabinet portfolios in New
Caledonia as of June 24, 2004