Labour Migration

Table of Contents

4. Migration, Dependency and Inequality in the Pacific: Old Wine in Bigger Bottles? (Part 1)

An economic context

A population context?

Internal migration

International migration

A rationale

Remittances

5. Migration, Dependency and Inequality in the Pacific: Old Wine in Bigger Bottles? (Part 2)

Selectivity and skilled migration

Outcome of skill loss

Return migration

A policy context?

Conclusion: the outward urge

References (Parts 1 and 2)

6. Globalisation, New Labour Migration and Development in Fiji

Introduction

Globalisation and transnational migration

Dimensions of international migration

International migration and development

Migration trends in Oceania

The changing nature of labour migration in Fiji

1. Mass immigration phase (1879–1920 and 1920–36)

2. Permanent labour migration phase (since 1970)

3. Temporary labour migration phase (since the early 1990s)

Fiji’s international peacekeeping

4. Contemporary immigration

Remittances in Fiji

Migration and development in Fiji

Conclusion

References

7. ‘Tonga Only Wants Our Money’: The children of Tongan migrants

The sustainability of remittances

Investigating second-generation transnationalism

Piloting the ‘Tongan ties’ project

More migration as a solution?

Conclusion

References

8. Labour Mobility in the Pacific: Creating seasonal work programs in Australia

Introduction

Remittances and Pacific development

Labour mobility and trade negotiations

The growing importance of remittances

Case study: Iraq

Social impacts

Remittances and development

Modelling seasonal work schemes in Australia

Labour mobility from the Pacific

Requirements for effective seasonal workers’ schemes

Labour rights and working conditions

Recruitment and government regulation

Addressing social impacts on families

Information and community support

Creating incentives to avoid overstaying

Government policy to support migrant workers

Sharing the costs

Conclusion — beyond trade and economics

References

9. Contemporary Migration Within the Pacific Islands: The case of Fijian skilled workers in Kiribati and Marshall Islands

A profile of the Fijian migrants

Push factors for mobility out of Fiji

Contracts

Case study one: Fijian migrants’ salaries at Ebeye Health Clinic, Marshall Islands, 2002

Remittances

Case study two: Remittances of Fijian nurses in Ebeye, Marshall Islands

Legal aspects of work and travel

Conclusion

References